geology of maine


The oldest rocks in Sweden date to more than 2.5 billion years ago in the Precambrian.
These are grouped on the basis of their age and possible place of origin. Augusta, ME 04333 We hope that our members remain healthy in the coming weeks. Layered Presumpscot silts and clays are seen in this exposure in the Pleasant River valley near Windham Center. Aerial view of moraine ridges in blueberry field, Sedgwick (note dirt road in upper right for scale). By the Mississippian and the Pennsylvanian, massive coal swamps formed and generated the two large coal fields and the oil and gas which have played an important role in the state's economy. On the second day, K-12 educators will be given mineral identification basics by the field trip leaders and an opportunity to put together their own mineral collection. At the time the new composite continent was positioned south of the equator. Members of the Society are eager to learn what students are doing. This is a generalized topographic map of Maine.

The Caledonian orogeny was a mountain-building era recorded in the northern parts of Ireland and Britain, the Scandinavian Mountains, Svalbard, eastern Greenland and parts of north-central Europe. Maine's first State Geologist, Charles T. Jackson, sketched a diagram of the site's limestone, greenstone trap-rock and veins of galena during an 1837 visit. Maine experienced a boom in metal mining between 1879 and 1882, centered in Lubec, Acton, Blue Hill and Sullivan. The geology of Rhode Island is based on nearly one billion year old igneous crystalline basement rocks formed as part of the microcontinent Avalonia that collided with the supercontinent Gondwana. US 1: The Peninsula Coast, Portland - Ellsworth 51. The most recent rock layers are glacial conglomerates. Beginning in the middle Ordovician, the offshore Iapetus terranes collided with Laurentia, launching the Taconic Orogeny mountain building event, which included uplift, deformation and igneous activity. Younger sedimentary sequences outcrop on the edges of the Lake District area, with Silurian to the south, Carboniferous to the north, east and west and Permo-Triassic to the west and east. Presque Isle still has lots and lots and lots of snow. Much of Oxford County and parts of Cumberland, York and Androscoggin County have loam soils, derived from granite, gneiss and schist with an average depth to bedrock of 5 feet, underlain by sandy till with a groundwater 30 inches below the surface in winter.

The youngest rocks are in the south east around London, progressing in age in a north westerly direction. Figure 6. This development is reviewed in detail by Osberg and others (1989). The Lubec Lead Mine was an early mine operating in the 1830s. A table and text on the reverse describe the geologic history of Maine and how it relates to plate tectonics. The Central Maine Slate Belt from Waterville to Brownville was a site of widespread slate mining into the early 20th century. (eds. The geologic history recorded in Maine’s bedrock covers close to 1.5 billion years – approximately one-third of the total age of the Earth.

Show in a web browser window: [Legend for lithology colors] Maine became extensively glaciated during the Pleistocene. Swanson, M. T., 1992, Structural sequence and tectonic significance of Mesozoic dikes in southern coastal Maine, in Puffer, J. H., and Ragland, P. C. (editors), Eastern North American Mesozoic magmatism: Geological Society of America, Special Paper 268, p. 37-62. The geology of Maine is part of the broader geology of New England and eastern North America. Also termed continental terranes, these sections of continental rock typically formed offshore or onshore of the proto-African continent Gondwana and in many cases had experienced volcanic events and faulting before joining the Laurentian continent. The breakup of Pangaea during the early Mesozoic was marked with new faulting of bedrock in Maine and the intrusion of basalt dikes on southwest coast of Maine. Stone, B. D., and Borns, H. W., Jr., 1986, Pleistocene glacial and interglacial stratigraphy of New England, Long Island, and adjacent Georges Bank and Gulf of Maine, in Sibrava, V., Bowen, D. Q., and Richmond, G. M. (editors), Quaternary glaciations in the northern hemisphere: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 5, p. 39-52. Maine has extensive sand and gravel aquifers formed in sediments left behind after the last glaciation. Alert: Stay up to date on Maine's COVID-19 Response, DACF Home → Continental margins which are also plate boundaries are termed active margins (North American Pacific Coast); continental margins which are within a plate are termed passive margins (modern North American Atlantic Coast). Final development of ancestral Northern Appalachian Mountains. The northeast coast of Maine belongs to the Coastal Volcanic Belt, which extends into New Brunswick, while most of the state lies in the Central Maine Basin up to the Boundary Mountains in north-central Maine. Katahdin: Maine Geological Survey, Bulletin 12, 57 p. Davis, R. B., and Jacobson, G. L., Jr., 1985, Late-glacial and early Holocene landscapes in northern New England and adjacent areas of Canada: Quaternary Research, v. 23, p. 341-368. 18 Elkins Lane It shows elevation trends across the state.

Burial of sediments in southwestern Maine to depths greater than 9 miles. Osberg, P. H., 1978, Synthesis of the geology of the northeast Appalachians, U.S.A., in Schenk, P. E., and Tosier, E. T. (editors), Appalachian-Caledonide orogen: Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 78-13, p. 137-167. Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry 22 State House Station 18 Elkins Lane Augusta, ME 04333 More Locations. The Carboniferous marked the end of regional deformation and metamorphism. MAINE’S STATE FOSSIL.

The hydrogeology and water resources of Maine are closely related to the state's surficial geology, soils, climate, land use and environment.
Mountain-building events such as these are termed orogenies. Moraines commonly form clusters in which the individual ridges are closely-spaced and mark successive positions of the ice margin (Figure 9). Hussey, A. M., II, 1988, Lithotectonic stratigraphy, deformation, plutonism, and metamorphism, greater Casco Bay region, southwestern Maine, in Tucker, R. D., and Marvinney, R. G. (editors), Studies in Maine geology: Volume 1 - structure and stratigraphy: Maine Geological Survey, p.17-34. Thank you to the students who have submitted abstracts! You must register for the field trip as space is limited (see registration information below). (editors), Deglacial history and relative sea-level changes, northern New England and adjacent Canada: Geological Society of America, Special Paper 351, p. 191-214. Bureaus & Programs → Maine Geological Survey → Explore Maine Geology → Maine's Surficial Geology → Surficial Geologic History of Maine. The low, sinuous, snow-covered ridge trending across the foreground is the Basin Ponds Moraine. In particular, several of the igneous plutons in eastern Maine are now known to be of Silurian rather than Devonian age (e.g. This local ice had been cut off from the Laurentide Ice Sheet in Canada by encroachment of the sea up the St. Lawrence River valley. Humans arrived in Maine beginning in the early Holocene and human activity has played an increasing role in the surficial geology of the region since the start of European colonization and statehood. Zen, E-an, 1972, The Taconide zone and the Taconic orogeny in the western part of the northern Appalachian orogen: Geological Society of America, Special Paper 135, 72 p. Zen, E-an, 1983, Exotic terranes in the New England Appalachians - limits, candidates, and dates: a speculative essay, in Hatcher, R. D., Williams, H., and Zietz, I. These events culminated in the formation of Pangaea; the coastline as it exists today was created by rifting during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Retelle, M. J., and Weddle, T. K., 2001, Deglaciation and relative sea-level chronology, Casco Bay Lowland and lower Androscoggin River valley, Maine, in Weddle, T. K., and Retelle, M. J. Their nature and restricted distribution are evidence for a microplate collision within the Iapetus, rather than a collision with North America proper. See the original schedule and details about submitting an abstract in the Spring Meeting flyer here (PDF). These are small igneous complexes in the southern part of the state. The motions can be divided into three basic types although actual motions rarely can be simplified to this degree: convergent motion - two plates moving toward one another; divergent motion - two plates moving away from one another; and transcurrent motion - two plates sliding past one another. Much of coastal Maine has clay-loam soils from marine and lake sediments, with a water table at the surface or 12 inches below it and poor drainage throughout the year. Contact. Parts of Oxford, Penobscot, Hancock, Piscataquis and other counties have Devonian age gabbro, slate, granite and granodiorite. Between the 1940s and 1980s, Maine also had a small peat industry in Penobscot, Sullivan, Deblois, Franklin, Friendship and Centerville. This concept has been applied very successfully over the past decade to the ancient collisional margin of the Appalachians. Fax: (207) 287-2400 Because of the state's rural and small town settlement pattern 40% of residents use private groundwater wells for household water. Tomascak, P. B., Krogstad, E. J., and Walker, R. J., 1996, U-Pb monazite geochronology of granitic rocks from Maine: implications for late Paleozoic tectonics in the northern Appalachians: Journal of Geology, v. 104, p. 185-195. Welcome! Figure 2 shows how new oceanic crust forms when magma rises to the surface and solidifies at a mid-ocean ridge, a place where two plates are diverging. These are intruded by Permian dykes and sills, of which the Whin Sill makes a significant impact in the south of the park. "The Bubbles" and Jordan Pond in Acadia National Park.

The Acadian orogeny involved the collision of a series of Avalonian continental fragments with the Laurasian continent.

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