Samuel Pepys lived nearby and on Sunday morning walked to the Tower of London. In the north, it was being checked at Smithfield and Holborn Bridge, and the Mayor, finally useful, was directing demolition in Cripplegate. It ended on the 6th September 1666, having spread westward throughout most of the city. Although demolition began to take effect in the east, in the west the fire had destroyed Newgate and Ludgate prisons, and was travelling along Fleet Street towards Chancery Lane. At 2.00am on Sunday 2nd September his workman smelled smoke and woke the household. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled.
Q1. Plague had killed over 68,000 people in the previous two years. What was the name of the road where the fire started?
Although Charles II immediately ordered Bloodworth to destroy as many houses as necessary to contain the fire, early efforts to create firebreaks were overcome by the strength of the wind, which enabled the fire to jump gaps of even twenty houses. Hysteria had raged as fiercely as the flames, as frightened fingers fell on foreigners. © The Great Fire of London was an inferno of such all-consuming proportions that it left 85 per cent of the capital’s population homeless.
In 1678, during the Popish Plot, Titus Oates declared that Jesuit priests were to set fire to the city, prompting a Commons resolution declaring that 'the City of London was burnt in the year 1666 by the Papists... to introduce arbitrary power and Popery into this Kingdom'.
What does Samuel Pepys have to do with the Great Fire of London? Fun fact: The fire influenced the way that houses are built now. The Duke of York took control of efforts to stop the fire, with militias summoned from neighbouring counties to help the fight, and stop looting.
He was unimpressed, declaring that 'A woman might piss it out'. By Thursday the fire was effectively extinguished, having destroyed 373 acres of the City - from the Tower in the East to Fleet Street and Fetter Lane in the West - and burning around 13,200 houses, 84 churches and 44 company halls. Bruce Robinson is a professional journalist who graduated with a first class degree in History from Cambridge University, specialising in English Social, Political and Economic History from 1300 to 1600.
The fire began in a bakery in Pudding Lane. Late summer, 1666: London was an emotional and physical tinderbox. His colleagues claimed he was unbalanced and the details of his confession changed as flaws were continually unearthed. At the end of September, a Parliamentary Committee was appointed to investigate the fire.
Here you will see the Great Fire of London and meet Samuel Pepys, a witness of the catastrophe who described the event in his diary.
Everyone knows the Great Fire of London started in a baker's shop in the aptly named Pudding Lane, but was it an accident or a pernicious Papist plot? An inferno caused by a forgetful baker, fuelled by a strong wind and indecisive leadership, was blamed on Catholics for over 150 years. The Earl of Clarendon commented that 'Neither the judges, nor any present at the trial did believe him guilty; but that he was a poor distracted wretch, weary of his life, and chose to part with it'. Everything you need to know about the Great Fire of London from the Museum of London, London Metropolitan Archives, the Monument and Guildhall Art Gallery. He declared that the fire had not been started by foreign powers or subversives, but had been an act of God.
The people of London who had managed to survive the Great Plague in 1665 must have thought that the year 1666 could only be better, and couldn’t possibly be worse! Q10. Drawing of a house made from combustible materials, built before the Great Fire The fire beaten, London's full attention could turn to the question of blame. The fire beaten, London's full attention could turn to the question of blame.
But the flames continued relentlessly, devouring Gracechurch Street, Lombard Street, the Royal Exchange, and heading towards the wealthy area of Cheapside. By nightfall the streets were jammed with the carts of fleeing Londoners, and the fire was heading down Watling Lane, towards St Paul's Cathedral. Striking on 2 September 1666, it raged for nearly five days, during which time its destructive path exposed London’s makeshift medieval vulnerability. By the following dawn, the fire was raging north and west, and panic reigned.
Q6. Although Charles II had returned to Whitehall in February 1666, London remained unsafe, with death carts still commonplace. In September 1666 the heart of England's capital, the City of London (now London's financial district), was devastated by fire.
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It destroyed a large part of the City of London, including most of the civic buildings, old St. Paul’s Cathedral, 87 parish churches, and about 13,000 houses. What year did the Great Fire of London happen in?
The Spanish Ambassador opened his house to all foreigners in fear of their lives - Protestant Dutch as well as Catholic French - as religious bigotry and xenophobia, born in the Reformation and raised by the Gunpowder Plot, surfaced again.
Try out our quiz and see how many facts about the Great Fire of London you know.
A scapegoat was needed: the more foreign, the better.
The people of London who had managed to survive the Great Plague in 1665 must have thought that the year 1666 could only be better, and couldn’t possibly be worse!
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Everything you need to know about the Great Fire of London from the Museum of London, London Metropolitan Archives, the Monument and Guildhall Art Gallery. This, combined with the dry, dusty air, was known to be particularly effective in carrying plague. The lead roof melted and flowed down Ludgate Hill, and stones exploded from the building. The Great Fire of London began in the East End of London on the 2nd September 1666 when a baker, Thomas Farriner, accidentally set his bakery on fire.
Yet with Farynor declaring - as expected - that his ovens had been completely extinguished on the night in question, the committee was as widely believed as the Warren Report, and the cause of the fire became the grassy knoll of late seventeenth century conspiracy theorists.
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Q7. Yet the greatest fear among Londoners was not fire.
The Great Fire of London started on Sunday, 2 September 1666 in a baker's shop on Pudding Lane belonging to Thomas Farynor (Farriner). The next day saw the greatest destruction. A fire started on September 2nd in the King’s bakery in Pudding Lane near London Bridge. Reddaway (1940), The Building of London by John Schofield (1984).
The family fled across the nearby roofs, leaving only a maid, too scared to run, who soon became the first of the four listed casualties of the fire. On Sunday a schoolboy, William Taswell, had seen 'the ignorant and deluded mob... [venting] forth their rage against the Roman Catholics and Frenchmen' and his brother saw 'a Frenchman almost dismembered'. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. Fires in London were common, even inevitable, given the capital's largely timber construction.
'Blowing up houses... stopped the fire when it was done, bringing down the houses in the same places they stood, and then it was easy to quench what little fire was in it'. Fun fact: The fire influenced the way that houses are built now.
However, in those days the deaths of working class people weren't recorded so it's very likely that the actual number of deaths was much higher.
What was the name of the man who accidentally started the fire? The devastating fire that swept through London is an important part of British history.
With the country also at war with the French and Dutch, paranoid xenophobia - a familiar English trait of the period - was rife. On Wednesday morning the fire reached a brick wall - literally - at Middle Temple and at Fetter Lane. This was provided at the house of Thomas Farynor, the king's baker in Pudding Lane, near London Bridge. The Great Fire of London was a disaster waiting to happen. What were houses made of in England in 1666? By Bruce Robinson On Thursday, Charles travelled to Moorfields to address the 100,000 people made homeless, one sixth of London's population.
Poor souls… they could not have imagined the new disaster that was to befall them in 1666.
Yet for years there had been warnings of London's total destruction by fire: in 1559 Daniel Baker had predicted London's destruction by 'a consuming fire'. Last updated 2011-03-29. In April 1665, Charles had warned the Lord Mayor of London of the danger caused by the narrow streets and overhanging timber houses. Yet by dawn London Bridge was burning: an open space on the bridge, separating two groups of buildings, had acted as a firebreak in 1632. Q3. With Bloodworth dithering, Pepys went to Whitehall, informing the King and his brother James, Duke of York, of the situation. Everyone knows the Great Fire of London started in a … On Sunday, September 2, 1666, the fire began accidentally While Pepys was busy evacuating his house - digging a pit in which he buried 'a parmazan cheese as well as my wine and some other things' - he had an inspiration. The Parliamentary committee reported in January 1667 that 'nothing hath yet been found to argue it to have been other than the hand of God upon us, a great wind, and the season so very dry'. Who was the King at the time of the fire? ...embers were falling on Kensington, and flames surrounded St Paul's Cathedral, covered in scaffolding.
The Great Fire of London was a disaster waiting to happen. By mid afternoon the smoke could be seen from Oxford, and Londoners had begun to flee to the open spaces of Moorfields and Finsbury Hill.
Q5. It was visible as far away as Enfield, embers were falling on Kensington, and flames surrounded St Paul's Cathedral, covered in scaffolding. During the investigation a French Protestant watchmaker, Robert Hubert, confessed to having deliberately started the fire at the bakery with 23 conspirators. London of 1666 was a city of medieval houses made mostly of oak timber.
Q8. In 1685 the Duke of Monmouth, rebelling against the new King, the Catholic James II, accused him of deliberately starting the fire.
Great Fire of London, (September 2–5, 1666), the worst fire in London ’s history. Workers took the opportunity to pull down more buildings and widen the break. The devastating fire that swept through London is an important part of British history. Furthermore, a long, hot summer had left London dry and drought had depleted water reserves.
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Thus by September 1666, all that was required was a spark. It destroyed a large part of the City of London, including most of the civic buildings, old St. Paul’s Cathedral, 87 parish churches, and about 13,000 houses. Read more. He is famous for keeping a diary for most of the 1660s so he wrote a lot about the Great Fire in 1666. What worried inhabitants most was the strong east wind.
With only narrow streets dividing wooden buildings, the fire took hold rapidly, and within an hour the Mayor, Sir Thomas Bloodworth, had been woken with the news. Records show that only 6 people died.
He was helped by a jury - that included three Farynors - and was hanged at Tyburn.
This marked the height of the inferno. The wait was not a long one.
By the end of Sunday the fire had begun to travel against the wind, towards the Tower, and Pepys had begun to pack.
How long did the fire last for: 1 day, 4 days or 1 week?
why so many soldiers survived the trenches. Drawing of a house made from combustible materials, built before the Great Fire.
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