See Figure 2 for tectonic interpretation. New Moho map of the Middle East compiled by merging 2001), we install most of sites far enough (50 km) from active faults to avoid measuring transient deformation related to the seismic cycle. As its name suggests, the Burma Plate encompasses the country of Burma(Myanmar). Black arrows are the GPS horizontal velocities and their 95 per cent confidence ellipses in Central Iran-fixed reference frame. The root mean square (rms) departure of the velocities of the 16 IGS stations after transformation was 0.4 mm yr−1. is occurring along the Bitlis suture zone in southern Turkey (Sengor and 10). As the major number of the sites are on concrete pillars, this allows a quite good confidence in the 1999–2001 results and their uncertainties (see Nilforoushan et al. 1. those related to young (i.e., Quaternary) deformation. The available estimations are based on different assumptions such as the velocities of the Arabian Plate given by NUVEL-1 (DeMets et al. Bagirov E. Tagiyev M. Lerche I.. Pe'eri S. Wdowinski S. Shtibelman A. Bechor N. Bock Y. Nikolaidis R. Van Domselaar M.. Philip H. Cisternas A. Gvishiani A. Gorshkov A.. Philip H. Avagyan A. Karakhanian A.S. Ritz J.F. Stöcklin 1968; Falcon 1974; Berberian & King 1981; Berberian et al. E.S. Allen M. Ghassemi M.R.
To the west, in Turkey, the deformation is characterized by the lateral escape of the Anatolian Plate with a block model behaviour (McClusky 2000; Meade et al. 91, 8205-8218. (1992) between the convergence zone of the Caucasus to the north and the eastern Turkey distributed strike-slip zone to the south (McClusky et al. Deep crustal structure and flexure Simplified tectonic map of the Middle East region superimposed on topography. On these bases, the velocity of the Lut relative to Eurasia should range between 6.5 and 12 mm yr−1. The lithosphere is divided into a number of tectonic plates. strike-slip plate boundary that extends approximately 900 km along the 9). In the western part of the country, distributed deformation occurs among several fold and thrust belts. For both surveys we used Ashtech Z12 and Trimble 4000-SSI receivers with choke ring antennas during four 24-hr sessions. Rebai S.. Ravaut P. Bayer R. Hassani R. Rousset D. Al Yahya'ey A.. Shen Z. Wang M. Li Y. Jackson D.D. subduction in this region. Priestley K. Baker C.. McClusky S. Reilinger R. Mahmoud S. Ben Sari D. Tealeb A.. McQuarrie N. Stock J.M.
The lithosphere consists of the crust and small portion of the upper mantle. Based on this evidence of transpression associated to an apparent offset of the Kura River Karakhanian et al. 1998) while estimating a six-parameter transformation (rate of change of translation and rotation). Tectonic Plates are of two types, namely oceanic crust and continental crust that differ in composition. The different solutions of the Arabia–Eurasia Euler vector (i.e. 6) is consistent with previous studies based on spatial geodetic data (Sella et al. BAZM velocity does not confirm this rate, but the site could be in the elastic deformation zone of a Sistan locked fault.
A re-assessment of focal depth distribution in southern Iran, the Tien Shan and northern India: do earthquakes really occur in the continental mantle? In contrast, assuming that most of the strike-slip motion in this part of the range occurs on the MRF (inset of Fig. White arrows are deduced rates from GPS, geological evidence and seismology, for motion along the Chaman Fault and the associated deformation zone the velocity is deduced from the REVEL model (Sella et al. 11). It lies to the north of South America and south of the islands of Cuba and Jamaica.
present some examples of uses of our databases. Taking together GPS and geological information, we summarize the schematic kinematic pattern of the present-day Arabia–Eurasia convergence zone in Iran (Fig. Most of the events are thought to be related to the bending within the down-going plate at intermediate depths (Byrne et al. system to study the effects of erosion on topography. 80, 81-108. Assuming that all the southern Caspian shore is moving at 6 mm yr−1 to the north, the right-lateral strike-slip rate along the WCF would be about 7–8 mm yr−1. The Himalayan mountains formed as a result of the collision between the Eurasian Plate and the Indian Plate.
11). Plate boundaries of the Middle East (Public domain.) Until recently, understanding the tectonics in this complex region has Right-stepping en echelon folds and NW–SE right-lateral strike-slip faults have been described by Trifonov (1978) and Kopp (1982, 1997) away from the thrusts west of Baku and entering the Kura Basin. Biddle and N. Christe-Blick (eds.) of the Arabian plate (e.g., Dewey and Sengor, 1979). Conrad et al. 2003), suggesting a fairly constant rate (∼2–3 cm yr−1) of Arabia–Eurasia convergence since 59 Ma.
Black circles and triangles, GPS sites in this study (respectively with forced centring or tripod); black squares, IGS stations. Therefore, shortening in central Alborz seems to be 8 ± 2 mm yr−1, in agreement with the geological rates of ∼5 mm yr−1 over the last 5 Ma (Allen et al. the Turkish and Iranian plateaux and a comparision with Tibet, Tectonophysics,
Labels show estimated rate with respect to the Eurasia, its 1σ uncertainty, and the normalized (nrms) and weighted (wrms) root mean square scatters (in mm). 1990) or geomorphic observations with ages which are not well constrained. This and the focal mechanisms suggest a partition of the deformation between thrust and strike-slip structures in agreement with previous studies (e.g. of the Middle East.
Original file (SVG file, nominally 1,280 × 715 pixels, file size: 623 KB), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 is accommodated along these collision zones. East obtained from the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA).
2001). As shown, the Middle East region There are four types of boundaries between tectonic plates that are defined by the movement of the plates: divergent and convergent boundaries, transform fault boundaries, and plate boundary zones. By Benjamin Elisha Sawe on August 12 2020 in Environment. and faults have been modifed from earlier maps by incorporating topographic Sella et al. a southwest to northeast profile across the Red Sea, the Arabian plate, (2000) for the permanent stations in Yerevan (NSSP) and Zelenchukskaya (ZECK) (Fig.
The plate also includes parts of the Levant. 6 km/s is interpreted to represent the contact between the sedimentary Evidence of large earthquakes lying on this fault (e.g. an oceanic type crust or a new igneous crust (Soriot and Brun, 1992). The residual velocities of the sites east of the Arabian Plate in Israel and Jordan (GIL network, Wdowinski et al. Therefore, the use of NNR-NUVEL-1A does not seem to be appropriate to define a Eurasian reference frame, at least for the short timescale we consider.
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